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Chile







 

# **Republic of Chile**
## **Full Financial History Report**

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### **Basic Data:**

- **ISO Country Code:** CL
- **Official Language:** Spanish
- **ISO Language Code (main):** es
- **Current Official Currency:** Chilean Peso
- **ISO Currency Code (current):** CLP

---

## **1. Monetary History of Chile**

Chile's monetary history reflects its economic and social evolution from the colonial period to the present day. Influenced by indigenous, European, and Hispanic elements, the Chilean monetary system has undergone numerous transformations marked by changes in currency units, high inflation, and multiple economic reforms.

---

## **2. Currencies Circulated in Chile (since the beginning of monetary production)**

Below is a list of all currencies that have circulated in Chile:

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### **2.1. Real (Spanish and Colonial Real)**

- **ISO Code:** —
- **Singular Name:** Real
- **Plural Name:** Reales
- **Monetary Subdivision:** 1 Real = 8 small reals / 1 Real = 100 centavos *(in some periods)*
- **Fraction Singular Name:** Centavo
- **Fraction Plural Name:** Centavos
- **Start Date of Production:** c. 1540 *(with the arrival of the Spanish)*
- **End Date of Production:** 1817
- **Start Date of Circulation:** c. 1540
- **End Date of Circulation:** 1817
- **Mint:** Casa de Moneda de Santiago *(founded in 1817)*
- **Issuing Bank:** Not applicable *(used during colonial and early independence periods)*
- **Coin Denominations:** ½ real, 1 real, 2 reales, 4 reales, 8 reales
- **Banknote Denominations:** —
- **Historical Context:** Used during the Viceroyalty of Peru and in the early years after independence.
- **Designs / Symbols:** Included heraldic figures, crosses, lions, and colonial shields.
- **Current Status:** Out of circulation
- **Issuing Authority:** Spanish Crown, then independent government
- **Relevant Legislation:** Used under colonial rule and early republican years
- **Curiosities:** The first coins were minted by the patriot army to fund the war of independence.

---

### **2.2. Chilean Peso (CLP)** – **First Issue**

- **ISO Code:** CLP
- **Singular Name:** Chilean Peso
- **Plural Name:** Chilean Pesos
- **Monetary Subdivision:** 1 Peso = 100 centavos
- **Fraction Singular Name:** Centavo
- **Fraction Plural Name:** Centavos
- **Start Date of Production:** 1817
- **End Date of Production:** 1960
- **Start Date of Circulation:** 1817
- **End Date of Circulation:** 1960
- **Mint:** Casa de Moneda de Chile
- **Issuing Bank:** Banco Nacional de Chile
- **Coin Denominations:** 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 centavos; 1 peso
- **Banknote Denominations:** 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000 pesos
- **Historical Context:** First stable national currency after independence.
- **Designs / Symbols:** Featured independence heroes such as Bernardo O’Higgins, José Miguel Carrera, and Arturo Prat.
- **Print Runs / Commemorative Issues:** Special notes for patriotic events and anniversaries.
- **Current Status:** Out of circulation
- **Issuing Authority:** National Bank of Chile
- **Relevant Legislation:** Law Establishing the National Bank of Chile *(1888)*

---

### **2.3. Chilean Peso (CLP)** – **Second Issue (Current)**

- **ISO Code:** CLP
- **Singular Name:** Chilean Peso
- **Plural Name:** Chilean Pesos
- **Monetary Subdivision:** 1 Peso = 100 centavos
- **Fraction Singular Name:** Centavo
- **Fraction Plural Name:** Centavos
- **Start Date of Production:** 1925
- **End Date of Production:** Ongoing
- **Start Date of Circulation:** 1925
- **End Date of Circulation:** In circulation
- **Mint:** Casa de Moneda de Chile
- **Issuing Bank:** Central Bank of Chile
- **Coin Denominations:** $1, $5, $10, $50, $100, $500
- **Banknote Denominations:** $1000, $2000, $5000, $10,000, $20,000
- **Historical Context:** Introduced to modernize the monetary system and control inflation from previous periods.
- **Designs / Symbols:** Series featuring historical and cultural figures like Gabriela Mistral, Arturo Prat, Manuel Rodríguez, and Eloy Ureta.
- **Print Runs / Commemorative Issues:** Special editions commemorating national and international events.
- **Curiosities:** New series include advanced security features and designs adapted for the visually impaired.
- **Current Status:** Active
- **Issuing Authority:** Central Bank of Chile
- **Relevant Legislation:** Central Bank of Chile Act *(1951)*
- **Current Signatories:** President of the Central Bank, Minister of Finance
- **People Honored on Notes:** Gabriela Mistral, Arturo Prat, Manuel Rodríguez, Eloy Ureta

---

### **2.4. Chilean Escudo (CLE)** – **Single Issue**

- **ISO Code:** CLE
- **Singular Name:** Chilean Escudo
- **Plural Name:** Chilean Escudos
- **Monetary Subdivision:** 1 Escudo = 100 centésimos
- **Fraction Singular Name:** Centésimo
- **Fraction Plural Name:** Centésimos
- **Start Date of Production:** 1960
- **End Date of Production:** 1975
- **Start Date of Circulation:** 1960
- **End Date of Circulation:** 1975
- **Mint:** Casa de Moneda de Chile
- **Issuing Bank:** Central Bank of Chile
- **Coin Denominations:** 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100 escudos
- **Banknote Denominations:** 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000 escudos
- **Historical Context:** Introduced to reduce large numbers caused by inflation.
- **Designs / Symbols:** Featured important figures from Chilean history.
- **Current Status:** Out of circulation
- **Issuing Authority:** Central Bank of Chile
- **Relevant Legislation:** Monetary Reform Act of 1959
- **Featured Figures:** Bernardo O’Higgins, Pablo Neruda, among others

---

### **2.5. New Chilean Peso (CLP)** – **Return to the Current Peso**

- **ISO Code:** CLP
- **Singular Name:** New Chilean Peso
- **Plural Name:** New Chilean Pesos
- **Monetary Subdivision:** 1 New Peso = 100 centavos
- **Fraction Singular Name:** Centavo
- **Fraction Plural Name:** Centavos
- **Start Date of Production:** 1975
- **End Date of Production:** Ongoing
- **Start Date of Circulation:** 1975
- **End Date of Circulation:** In circulation
- **Mint:** Casa de Moneda de Chile
- **Issuing Bank:** Central Bank of Chile
- **Coin Denominations:** $1, $5, $10, $50, $100, $500
- **Banknote Denominations:** $1000, $2000, $5000, $10,000, $20,000
- **Historical Context:** Reintroduced to simplify the monetary system after a decade of high inflation.
- **Designs / Symbols:** Historical figures and Chilean natural landscapes
- **Print Runs / Commemorative Issues:** Special editions celebrating Chilean history and culture
- **Curiosities:** The Central Bank has a program for secure withdrawal and recycling of old banknotes
- **Current Status:** Active
- **Issuing Authority:** Central Bank of Chile
- **Relevant Legislation:** Monetary Reform Act of 1975
- **Current Signatories:** President of the Central Bank, Minister of Finance
- **People Honored on Notes:** Gabriela Mistral, Arturo Prat, Manuel Rodríguez, Eloy Ureta

---

## **3. Mints / Production Facilities**

- **Casa de Moneda de Chile** *(founded in 1817)*
- **Central Bank of Chile Banknote Printing Facility** *(responsible for printing banknotes)*

---

## **4. Chronological Summary of Currency Changes**

| Year | Currency Change | Equivalence |
|------|------------------|-------------|
| 1817 | Real → Chilean Peso | 1:1 |
| 1960 | Chilean Peso → Chilean Escudo | 1:1000 |
| 1975 | Chilean Escudo → New Chilean Peso | 1:1000 |

---

## **5. Additional Curiosities**

- Chile was one of the first Latin American countries to issue banknotes with advanced security features.
- The current banknote series uses polymer in its most recent printings.
- The Central Bank of Chile operates a numismatic museum open to the public.
- Some old coins and banknotes hold considerable collectible value.

---

## **6. Historical Issuing Authorities**

- National Bank of Chile
- Central Bank of Chile
- Ministry of Finance

---

## **7. Key Monetary Legislation**

- National Bank of Chile Act *(1888)*
- Monetary Reform Act *(1959) – Introduction of the Escudo*
- Monetary Reform Act *(1975) – Return to the Peso*

---

## **8. Prominent Figures Featured on Banknotes**

- Bernardo O’Higgins
- Arturo Prat
- Gabriela Mistral
- Manuel Rodríguez
- Eloy Ureta
- Pablo Neruda *(special edition)*
- José Miguel Carrera *(historical edition)*

 



Fonte:

Autor do blog: Nilton Romani

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