Basic Country Data:

• Country ISO Code: YE

• Official Language: Arabic

• Language ISO Code: ar

• Current Official Currency: Yemeni Rial

• Current Currency ISO Code: YER

Complete Financial History of the Republic of Yemen (Arabic):

1. Current Official Currency: Yemeni Rial (YER)

• ISO Code: YER

• Singular Name: ريال (Rial)

• Plural Name: ريالات (Rialat)

• Monetary Subdivision: Historically, 1 rial = 40 buqsha; before unification, 1 rial = 100 fils (no longer in circulation since May 22, 1990)

• Subdivision Name Singular: فلس (Fils) (no longer in use)

• Subdivision Name Plural: فلس (Fils) (no longer in use)

• Initial Production Date: Late 1963, after the September 26, 1962 revolution

• Initial Circulation Date: Late 1963

• Final Production Date: Ongoing

• Final Circulation Date: Currently in circulation

• Mint: Initially minted in Egypt, later in Yemen

• Issuing Bank: Central Bank of Yemen

• Coin Denominations: 5, 10, 20, 100 rials

• Banknote Denominations: 50, 100, 200, 250, 500, 1000 rials

• Currency Symbols: ر.ي, ريال

• Designs / Symbols:

  • Coins: Initially called buqsha coins, with 1 rial = 40 buqsha

  • Banknotes: Feature national and historical images

• Current Circulation Status: Rial is the sole currency in circulation since June 11, 1996, after the withdrawal of the southern dinar

• Issuing Authority: Central Bank of Yemen

• Economic Historical Context:

  • Modern minting began under Imam Yahya bin Muhammad Hamidaddin in 1913 (Imadi rial).

  • After the 1962 revolution, the republican rial was issued by the Ministry of Finance in Egypt in 1963.

  • In the south, the Yemeni dinar was issued in 1965, replacing the East African shilling.

  • In May 1990, the rial and dinar were official currency units with an exchange rate of 26 rials per dinar.

  • In 1996, the dinar was withdrawn, and the rial became the sole official currency.

• Relevant Monetary Legislation: Central Bank laws and financial regulations of Yemen

• Signatories on Banknotes: Not publicly specified

• Persons or Symbols Honored: National and historical symbols, no specific individuals named on currency

• Commemorative Coins: Issued on various occasions, details not widely available

2. Previous Currencies:

• Imadi Rial (1913), minted in Beirut, Sana’a, and Saada; fractional coins of quarter and eighth rial, no half rial minted

• South Yemeni Dinar (1965-1996), currency of the south before unification

• Republican Rial (1963), currency of the north before unification

This report presents the financial and monetary history of the Republic of Yemen from the beginning of modern minting to the present, highlighting the Yemeni rial as the current official currency, its subdivisions, and characteristics of currency issues.